In medical terminology, what does the prefix "sub-" often refer to?

The prefix "sub-" is derived from Latin, meaning "under" or "beneath." In medical terminology, it is used to indicate a location that is lower or beneath another structure. This prefix helps to specify the position of bones, tissues, or organs in relation to other anatomical structures.

For example, the term "subcutaneous" refers to the layer of tissue beneath the skin, while "subclavian" refers to the area beneath the clavicle. Thus, when interpreting medical terms, recognizing the meaning of the prefix "sub-" is essential for understanding the relationships between different parts of the body. This foundational knowledge supports accurate communication within the medical field.