What does a renal transplant involve?

A renal transplant involves the replacement of a diseased organ, specifically the kidneys. This procedure is performed when a patient's kidneys can no longer function properly due to conditions such as chronic kidney disease or kidney failure. During the transplant, a healthy kidney from a living or deceased donor is surgically placed into the recipient's body, taking over the functions of the diseased kidneys, which include filtering waste products from the blood, regulating blood pressure, and maintaining electrolyte balance. This replacement is crucial for restoring kidney function and improving the recipient's overall health and quality of life.

The other options describe different medical procedures. Washing of blood refers to dialysis, which is a treatment for kidney failure but not a transplant. The surgical removal of stones pertains to procedures like lithotripsy or nephrolithotomy, which treat kidney stones rather than replace the kidney itself. Insertion of a catheter typically involves placing a tube into the body for various medical purposes, but it is not related to organ transplantation.