What does the root "lith" mean in medical terminology?

The root "lith" in medical terminology translates to "stone" or "calculus." This term is derived from the Greek word "lithos," which means stone. It is commonly used in various medical contexts to refer to conditions characterized by the presence of stone-like formations within the body, such as kidney stones (nephrolithiasis) or gallstones (cholelithiasis). Understanding this term is crucial for recognizing and identifying conditions associated with the formation of calculi in organs, which can lead to significant health issues if not addressed.

The other choices do not align with this specific meaning. For instance, terms related to excessive or infections do not link to the "lith" root, which firmly relates to hard, stone-like structures. "Fluid" is associated with words derived from different roots, underscoring the distinct and specialized nature of "lith" in medical terminology.